Spintronics: A New Nanoelectronics Adventure

Spintronics is a new paradigm for electronics which utilizes the electron's spin in addition to its charge for device functionality. It is a rapidly emerging field of science and technology that will most likely have a significant impact on the future of all aspects of electronics as we continue to move into the 21st century. The primary areas for potential applications are information storage, computing, and quantum information. The main objective of this paper is to present a current status of fundamentals of Spintronics including the recent advantages and well established results like MRAM, Quantum computer – only one step remain to come on Earth etc. The primary focus is on basics physical and quantum properties of electron underlying Spin mechanics, Spin polarization, Spin transport through metal and semiconductor, Spin injection etc., principal of GMR with their types and applications is also discussed in details in this paper.